Less than enthusiatic response to California broadband build out subsidy program

A key recommendation of California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger's Broadband Task Force to build out broadband Internet infrastructure in the Golden State is getting a less than enthusiastic response from the state's incumbent telcos.

In comments filed last week with the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC), which is considering expanding eligibility for 40 percent project subsidies to a wide variety of organizations and local governments, both large and small Incumbent Local Exchange Carriers (ILECs) complain the 40 percent subsidy is too low to make it worthwhile to invest in infrastructure for high cost areas currently unserved or underserved by broadband providers. They call on the CPUC to abandon the fixed 40 percent subsidy and instead award amounts based on the cost of the project.

The CPUC's internal Division of Ratepayer Advocates (DRA) is also calling on the CPUC to revamp the subsidy program, the California Advanced Services Fund (CASF). "The general paucity of bidders for CASF funding" and just six ILEC-proposed projects submitted for funding to date "suggests that the Commission’s anticipated advancement of broadband availability and competition is not bearing fruit," the DRA stated in its filed comments in the CASF proceeding. "While the factors that have led to this outcome are unclear, what is clear is that one of the Commission’s goals for the CASF – encouraging a diversity of advanced technologies and service providers – is unlikely to be met unless there is a critical review of the CASF, as it is currently structured and administered."

The DRA also recommends against allowing municipalities and other entities that are not under the CPUC's jurisdiction from proposing projects because the CPUC would have to enforce compliance with CASF funding requirements through the courts.

The six ILEC-proposed projects to bring wireline-delivered broadband unserved areas to be considered by the CPUC at its Nov. 21 meeting total just $372,976 in requested CASF funding.

The largest of the six proposals is by Verizon California and seeks $174,000 to serve 382 housholds in the Pinyon Crest area of Riverside County. AT&T has proposed four projects in both northern and southern California, including what is arguably a token effort to bring broadband to two residences in the Mount Wilson area of Los Angeles County.

Only one of the proposed projects meets original CASF project criteria of being capable of providing at least 3 Mbs downloads and 1 Mbs uploads -- one by Frontier Communications to provide service for 171 households in the Lake Almanor area of Plumas County.

Broadband squared: state leverging fiber for roadway information and local telecommunications service

Here's an interesting item out of Massachusetts courtesy of The Berkshire Eagle that illustrates how fiber infrastructure can be leveraged for multiple uses. In this case, providing traffic data while also providing backhaul capacity to help serve the western part of the state where broadband access has been severely constrained.

Gullible, disingenuous pols enact state video franchise schemes unlikely to lower cable rates

Gullible and intellectually dishonest politicians enacted so-called video franchise schemes in about a dozen states over the past few years pushed by big telcos like AT&T. They were gullible at best and disingenuous at worst because they parroted the telcos' party line that such regulatory "reforms" would enhance competition for video services by allowing telcos to compete with cable companies, resulting in lower prices for consumers.

Well surprise, surprise, surprise. Cable rates are headed up -- and not down -- despite the entry of telco TV offerings such as AT&T's U-Verse, according to this weekend item from the Milwaukee, Wisconsin Journal Sentinel. This week, the Federal Communications Commission launched an inquiry into cable rate increases in advance of next February's mandated cutover to all digital television broadcasting.

"On balance, the law hasn't been good for consumers but has been very good for the companies that wanted it," Barry Orton, a telecommunications professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, told the newspaper. "Two years from now, I don't think you will be able to say that consumers saved a lot of money if any at all."

Telcos sugar coated their true agenda with the false patina of increased competition and lower rates for consumers. Their real goal was to get local governments that wanted them to build out their broadband infrastructures evenly to serve all and not just some of their residents off their backs. It's far easier to lobby a single state regulatory agency and influence the pols who appoint their members (and get them to put in place rules sanctioning broadband black holes) than to herd the political cats who sit on city and town councils and county boards of supervisors.

Broadband's potential to drive small town economic boom

"If you don't have broadband, it's as bad as not having electricity, running water or sewer utilities in your town." So says Jack Schultz, author of Boomtown USA: The 7 ½ Keys to Big Success in Small Towns.

Schultz has got that right. Broadband enabled telecommunications services make location and distance irrelevant and allow entrepreneurial activity to occur where it might not otherwise, which Schulz says is increasingly important to the economy at a time when the number of big companies that are expanding is decreasing.

Access to broadband could also fuel a population shift along the lines predicted by author Jack Lessinger in his prescient 1991 book Penturbia: Where Real Estate will Boom After the Crash of Suburbia. (Perhaps aided by the current real estate bust that began in 2006?)

A big roadblock however is America's spotty and incomplete last mile telecommunications infrastructure that leaves far too many home-based entrepreneurs struggling with dial up or substandard satellite Internet connections. Schulz correctly notes they cannot wait for the telco/cable duopoly to provide them the broadband they need to grow their businesses. "People must try to research and find alternate ways to get broadband in their communities," he says.

Schulz's position here coincides with my view that the last mile telecommunications infrastructure will become increasingly locally owned and operated as we are seeing with the proliferation of small mom and pop fixed terrestrial wireless Internet Service Providers (WISPs) and in initiatives by local governments and cooperatives to install fiber optic connections to homes and neighborhoods.

CLECs fear loss of access to copper loops being retired and replaced with fiber

Competitive Local Exchange Carriers (CLECs) established under the federal Telecommunications Act of 1996 that requires Incumbent Local Exchange Carriers (ILECs) to sell them access to their copper cable loops apparently fear the copper is literally about to be pulled out from under them and replaced with fiber, leaving them without access to their customers.

An organization of California CLECs, the California Association of Competitive Telecommunications Companies (CALTEL), petitioned the California Public Utilities Commission to adopt rules requiring ILECs to obtain advance approval from the CPUC before retiring copper loops and replacing them with fiber and demonstrate doing so would be in the public interest.

The CPUC declined, instead requiring ILECs to notify the CPUC and all CLECs interconnected with their copper plants before replacing copper with fiber. In addition, ILECs must engage in "good faith commercial negotiations" CLECs that want to purchase or lease the copper loop, the CPUC said in a Nov. 6 news release.

"I believe that this decision balances state and federal goals of promoting the deployment of broadband networks against the interests of competitors to retain access to the copper loop," Commissioner Rachelle Chong stated in the news release.

ILECs have long chafed under the line sharing requirements of the 1996 federal reform law and have dragged their feet and litigated with CLECs seeking to connect to their lines. Apparently CLECs now fear ILECs are about to use their ultimate weapon to make them go away for good, rendering them irrelevant by replacing their copper with fiber since they don't have to provide CLECs access to their proprietary fiber under a 2006 U.S. Court of Appeals ruling.

But ILECs have largely resisted employing the fiber strategy on CLECs since it requires them to make substantial investments in upgrading their wireline infrastructures that they have been reluctant to make. It's possible ILECs are now concluding doing so is worth it because it both disposes of pesky CLECs while also enabling them to exclusively offer far more advanced IP-based services that can be more reliably delivered over fiber than copper.

It will be interesting to watch how this plays out in California and other states and whether CLECs will bid on telco copper loops made obsolete by fiber. Probably few will since copper does not provide a future growth path for offering advanced services due to its technological limitations as have been painfully illustrated with the limited range and throughput of DSL over copper. In addition, aged copper loops are likely to be a low repair priority for ILECs, making it difficult for CLECs to provide reliable service. This could be the beginning of the end for CLECs.

Location, location, location: Broadband access now a factor in residential real estate

Associated Press writer Peter Svensson reports on what I've predicted will be a growing factor affecting the residential real estate market: whether a home has broadband access. Broadband has become a basic telecommunications utility. Homes that lack it are becoming about as desirable as those without electricity or water hookups. Svensson quotes Edward Redpath, a real estate broker in Hanover, N.H., as saying he's seen deals fall through once the buyer realizes a home can't get broadband.

I disagree with Svensson's theory that over time the lack of universal broadband in the United States along with higher gasoline prices could pull people from the countryside toward cities and suburbs.

Small local Wireless Internet Service Providers (WISPs) are springing up throughout the U.S. to provide wireless broadband where the telco/cable duopoly does not. Residents and businesses will also take matters into their own hands and form and invest in cooperatives to build their own local fiber optic telecommunications infrastructures just as they did several decades ago to bring electricity and telephone service to their communities.

As Svensson's story suggests, they will be motivated by economic considerations to boost the market appeal and value of their homes -- particularly as they work to crawl out of the current real estate market downturn -- and to support their ability to start businesses and telecommute to their jobs.

White spaces broadband faces uncertain future

Expectations should be tempered contemplating the implications of this week's action by the Federal Communications Commission approving the unlicensed use of television broadcast "white spaces" spectrum being freed up by the February 2009 transition to all digital TV broadcasting to deliver wireless broadband.

There are many unknowns as to whether white spaces will ultimately deliver broadband over the airwaves in the real world or whether it will remain an impractical concept that goes the way of Broadband over Power Lines (BPL).

They include a probable years long legal challenge by broadcasters worried over potential interference despite FCC field testing showing otherwise. It should be borne in mind the purpose of the FCC testing was to assess potential interference with broadcast and short range microphone signals. How white spaces broadband will perform and the kind of throughput it can reliably deliver remain major unknowns until it's actually deployed.

White spaces broadband could well end up being too little to late once the legal challenges have run their course given that Clearwire is already rolling out 2.5 Ghz WiMAX in some areas and deployment of 4G wireless broadband by telcos is expected by 2010.

Potential key advantages of white spaces broadband over these other wireless technologies is superior range and greater ability to penetrate trees and buildings since it operates in the 700 Mhz TV spectrum.

An additional challenge could come from telcos who may resist providing the necessary "fat pipe" backhaul for white spaces broadband if they see it as a competitive threat to their own wireline and wireless broadband franchises. That could generate more lengthy litigation such that between Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and telcos over access and pricing of line access under the Telecommuncations Act of 1996.

Finally, all wireless broadband technologies at this point don't appear likely to be able to match the fiber gold standard of 100 Mbs and greater throughputs that will increasingly be in demand for fixed broadband services. For the foreseeable, that relegates wireless broadband -- likely including white spaces broadband if it comes to market -- to a transitional broadband technology for fixed locations in areas unserved and underserved by wireline broadband providers and for general mobile use.